2025 年 3 月 27 日より、AOSP のビルドとコントリビューションには aosp-main
ではなく android-latest-release
を使用することをおすすめします。詳細については、AOSP の変更をご覧ください。
Bluetooth Low Energy のアドバタイジング
コレクションでコンテンツを整理
必要に応じて、コンテンツの保存と分類を行います。
Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE)は、ほとんどの時間スリープモードを維持することで電力を節約します。スリープモードから復帰するのはアドバタイズメントと短時間の接続のためのみであることから、アドバタイズメントが消費電力とデータ転送帯域幅の両方に影響します。
Bluetooth 5 のアドバタイジング拡張
Android 8.0 は Bluetooth 5 をサポートしています。Bluetooth 5 では、BLE のブロードキャストの向上と柔軟なデータ アドバタイズメントが実現されています。Bluetooth 4.2 で導入された消費電力を抑制する BLE 物理レイヤ(PHY)をサポートしており、ユーザーは帯域幅または周波数範囲の拡大を選択できます。詳細については、Bluetooth 5 コア仕様をご覧ください。
実装
Bluetooth 5 の新機能は、この機能に対応している Bluetooth コントローラを備えた Android 8.0 デバイスであれば、自動的に利用可能となります。以下の
BluetoothAdapter
メソッドを使用すると、デバイスが Bluetooth 5 の機能に対応しているかどうかをチェックできます。
isLe2MPhySupported()
isLeCodedPhySupported()
isLeExtendedAdvertisingSupported()
isLePeriodicAdvertisingSupported()
アドバタイジング機能を無効にするには、Bluetooth チップベンダーと連携してチップセットのサポートを無効にします。
Bluetooth の PHY は互いに排他的であり、各 PHY の動作は Bluetooth SIG によって事前に定義されています。デフォルトでは、Android 8.0 は Bluetooth 4.2 以降で導入されている Bluetooth LE 1M PHY を使用します。
android.bluetooth.le
パッケージは、Bluetooth 5 のアドバタイジング機能を以下の API を通して公開します。
AdvertisingSet
AdvertisingSetCallback
AdvertisingSetParameters
PeriodicAdvertisingParameters
Bluetooth のアドバタイズメント設定を変更するには、
android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser
の startAdvertisingSet()
メソッドを使用して、
AdvertisingSet
を作成します。Bluetooth 5 またはそのアドバタイジング機能のサポートが無効になっていても、API の機能を LE 1M PHY に適用することは可能です。
例
このサンプルアプリでは、Bluetooth LE 1M PHY をアドバタイジングに使用しています。
// Start legacy advertising. Works for devices with 5.x controllers,
// and devices that support multi-advertising.
void example1() {
BluetoothLeAdvertiser advertiser =
BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
AdvertisingSetParameters parameters = (new AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder())
.setLegacyMode(true) // True by default, but set here as a reminder.
.setConnectable(true)
.setInterval(AdvertisingSetParameters.INTERVAL_HIGH)
.setTxPowerLevel(AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_MEDIUM)
.build();
AdvertiseData data = (new AdvertiseData.Builder()).setIncludeDeviceName(true).build();
AdvertisingSetCallback callback = new AdvertisingSetCallback() {
@Override
public void onAdvertisingSetStarted(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int txPower, int status) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onAdvertisingSetStarted(): txPower:" + txPower + " , status: "
+ status);
currentAdvertisingSet = advertisingSet;
}
@Override
public void onAdvertisingDataSet(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int status) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onAdvertisingDataSet() :status:" + status);
}
@Override
public void onScanResponseDataSet(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int status) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onScanResponseDataSet(): status:" + status);
}
@Override
public void onAdvertisingSetStopped(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onAdvertisingSetStopped():");
}
};
advertiser.startAdvertisingSet(parameters, data, null, null, null, callback);
// After onAdvertisingSetStarted callback is called, you can modify the
// advertising data and scan response data:
currentAdvertisingSet.setAdvertisingData(new AdvertiseData.Builder().
setIncludeDeviceName(true).setIncludeTxPowerLevel(true).build());
// Wait for onAdvertisingDataSet callback...
currentAdvertisingSet.setScanResponseData(new
AdvertiseData.Builder().addServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(UUID.randomUUID())).build());
// Wait for onScanResponseDataSet callback...
// When done with the advertising:
advertiser.stopAdvertisingSet(callback);
}
次のサンプルアプリでは、BLE 2M PHY をアドバタイジングに使用しています。アプリでは、使用する機能がデバイスでサポートされているかをまずチェックします。アドバタイジング機能がサポートされていれば、アプリは BLE 2M PHY をプライマリ PHY として構成します。2M PHY はアクティブですが、アドバタイズメントは Bluetooth 4.x コントローラをサポートしていません。したがって、setLegacyMode
は false
に設定されます。このサンプルでは、アドバタイジング中にパラメータを変更し、さらにアドバタイズメントを一時停止します。
void example2() {
BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
BluetoothLeAdvertiser advertiser =
BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
// Check if all features are supported
if (!adapter.isLe2MPhySupported()) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "2M PHY not supported!");
return;
}
if (!adapter.isLeExtendedAdvertisingSupported()) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "LE Extended Advertising not supported!");
return;
}
int maxDataLength = adapter.getLeMaximumAdvertisingDataLength();
AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder parameters = (new AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder())
.setLegacyMode(false)
.setInterval(AdvertisingSetParameters.INTERVAL_HIGH)
.setTxPowerLevel(AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_MEDIUM)
.setPrimaryPhy(BluetoothDevice.PHY_LE_1M)
.setSecondaryPhy(BluetoothDevice.PHY_LE_2M);
AdvertiseData data = (new AdvertiseData.Builder()).addServiceData(new
ParcelUuid(UUID.randomUUID()),
"You should be able to fit large amounts of data up to maxDataLength. This goes
up to 1650 bytes. For legacy advertising this would not
work".getBytes()).build();
AdvertisingSetCallback callback = new AdvertisingSetCallback() {
@Override
public void onAdvertisingSetStarted(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int txPower, int status) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onAdvertisingSetStarted(): txPower:" + txPower + " , status: "
+ status);
currentAdvertisingSet = advertisingSet;
}
@Override
public void onAdvertisingSetStopped(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onAdvertisingSetStopped():");
}
};
advertiser.startAdvertisingSet(parameters.build(), data, null, null, null, callback);
// After the set starts, you can modify the data and parameters of currentAdvertisingSet.
currentAdvertisingSet.setAdvertisingData((new
AdvertiseData.Builder()).addServiceData(new ParcelUuid(UUID.randomUUID()),
"Without disabling the advertiser first, you can set the data, if new data is
less than 251 bytes long.".getBytes()).build());
// Wait for onAdvertisingDataSet callback...
// Can also stop and restart the advertising
currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(false, 0, 0);
// Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...
currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(true, 0, 0);
// Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...
// Or modify the parameters - i.e. lower the tx power
currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(false, 0, 0);
// Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...
currentAdvertisingSet.setAdvertisingParameters(parameters.setTxPowerLevel
(AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_LOW).build());
// Wait for onAdvertisingParametersUpdated callback...
currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(true, 0, 0);
// Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...
// When done with the advertising:
advertiser.stopAdvertisingSet(callback);
}
検証
適切な Bluetooth プロダクト テストを実施して、デバイスが Bluetooth 5 に対応しているかを検証します。
このページのコンテンツやコードサンプルは、コンテンツ ライセンスに記載のライセンスに従います。Java および OpenJDK は Oracle および関連会社の商標または登録商標です。
最終更新日 2025-08-10 UTC。
[[["わかりやすい","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["問題の解決に役立った","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["その他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["必要な情報がない","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["複雑すぎる / 手順が多すぎる","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["最新ではない","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["翻訳に関する問題","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["サンプル / コードに問題がある","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["その他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最終更新日 2025-08-10 UTC。"],[],[],null,["# Bluetooth Low Energy advertising\n\nBluetooth Low Energy (BLE) conserves power by remaining in sleep mode most of\nthe time. It wakes up only to make advertisements and short connections, so\nadvertisements affect both power consumption and data transfer bandwidth.\n\nBluetooth 5 advertising extension\n---------------------------------\n\nAndroid 8.0 supports Bluetooth 5, which provides broadcasting improvements and\nflexible data advertisement for BLE. Bluetooth 5 supports BLE Physical Layers\n(PHYs) that retain the reduced power consumption of Bluetooth 4.2 and let users\nchoose increased bandwidth or range. More information can be found in the\n[Bluetooth 5 Core Specifications](https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/adopted-specifications).\n\n### Implementation\n\nNew Bluetooth 5 features are automatically available for devices running Android\n8.0 with compatible Bluetooth controllers. Use these [`BluetoothAdapter`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapter.html)\nmethods to check if a device supports Bluetooth 5 features:\n\n- `isLe2MPhySupported()`\n- `isLeCodedPhySupported()`\n- `isLeExtendedAdvertisingSupported()`\n- `isLePeriodicAdvertisingSupported()`\n\nTo disable the advertising features, work with the Bluetooth chip vendor to\ndisable chip-set support.\n\nThe Bluetooth PHYs are exclusive of one another, and the behavior of each PHY is\npredefined by the Bluetooth SIG. By default, Android 8.0 uses Bluetooth LE 1M\nPHY, from Bluetooth 4.2. The [`android.bluetooth.le`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/le/package-summary.html) package exposes the\nBluetooth 5 advertising features through these APIs:\n\n- `AdvertisingSet`\n- `AdvertisingSetCallback`\n- `AdvertisingSetParameters`\n- `PeriodicAdvertisingParameters`\n\nCreate an [`AdvertisingSet`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/le/AdvertisingSet.html) to modify Bluetooth advertisement settings by\nusing the [`startAdvertisingSet()`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeAdvertiser.html#startAdvertisingSet(android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetParameters,%20android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData,%20android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData,%20android.bluetooth.le.PeriodicAdvertisingParameters,%20android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData,%20int,%20int,%20android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetCallback)) method in\n[`android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeAdvertiser.html). Even if support for Bluetooth\n5 or its advertising features is disabled, the API features can also apply to LE\n1M PHY.\n\n#### Examples\n\nThis example app uses Bluetooth LE 1M PHY for advertising: \n\n // Start legacy advertising. Works for devices with 5.x controllers,\n // and devices that support multi-advertising.\n\n void example1() {\n BluetoothLeAdvertiser advertiser =\n BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();\n\n AdvertisingSetParameters parameters = (new AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder())\n .setLegacyMode(true) // True by default, but set here as a reminder.\n .setConnectable(true)\n .setInterval(AdvertisingSetParameters.INTERVAL_HIGH)\n .setTxPowerLevel(AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_MEDIUM)\n .build();\n\n AdvertiseData data = (new AdvertiseData.Builder()).setIncludeDeviceName(true).build();\n\n AdvertisingSetCallback callback = new AdvertisingSetCallback() {\n @Override\n public void onAdvertisingSetStarted(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int txPower, int status) {\n Log.i(LOG_TAG, \"onAdvertisingSetStarted(): txPower:\" + txPower + \" , status: \"\n + status);\n currentAdvertisingSet = advertisingSet;\n }\n\n @Override\n public void onAdvertisingDataSet(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int status) {\n Log.i(LOG_TAG, \"onAdvertisingDataSet() :status:\" + status);\n }\n\n @Override\n public void onScanResponseDataSet(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int status) {\n Log.i(LOG_TAG, \"onScanResponseDataSet(): status:\" + status);\n }\n\n @Override\n public void onAdvertisingSetStopped(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet) {\n Log.i(LOG_TAG, \"onAdvertisingSetStopped():\");\n }\n };\n\n advertiser.startAdvertisingSet(parameters, data, null, null, null, callback);\n\n // After onAdvertisingSetStarted callback is called, you can modify the\n // advertising data and scan response data:\n currentAdvertisingSet.setAdvertisingData(new AdvertiseData.Builder().\n setIncludeDeviceName(true).setIncludeTxPowerLevel(true).build());\n // Wait for onAdvertisingDataSet callback...\n currentAdvertisingSet.setScanResponseData(new\n AdvertiseData.Builder().addServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(UUID.randomUUID())).build());\n // Wait for onScanResponseDataSet callback...\n\n // When done with the advertising:\n advertiser.stopAdvertisingSet(callback);\n }\n\nThis example app uses the BLE 2M PHY for advertising. The app first checks that\nthe device supports the features being used. If the advertising features are\nsupported, then the app configures BLE 2M PHY as the primary PHY. While 2M PHY\nis active, advertisement does not support Bluetooth 4.x controllers, so\n`setLegacyMode` is set to `false`. This example modifies parameters while\nadvertising and also pauses the advertisement. \n\n void example2() {\n BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();\n BluetoothLeAdvertiser advertiser =\n BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();\n\n // Check if all features are supported\n if (!adapter.isLe2MPhySupported()) {\n Log.e(LOG_TAG, \"2M PHY not supported!\");\n return;\n }\n if (!adapter.isLeExtendedAdvertisingSupported()) {\n Log.e(LOG_TAG, \"LE Extended Advertising not supported!\");\n return;\n }\n\n int maxDataLength = adapter.getLeMaximumAdvertisingDataLength();\n\n AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder parameters = (new AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder())\n .setLegacyMode(false)\n .setInterval(AdvertisingSetParameters.INTERVAL_HIGH)\n .setTxPowerLevel(AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_MEDIUM)\n .setPrimaryPhy(BluetoothDevice.PHY_LE_1M)\n .setSecondaryPhy(BluetoothDevice.PHY_LE_2M);\n\n AdvertiseData data = (new AdvertiseData.Builder()).addServiceData(new\n ParcelUuid(UUID.randomUUID()),\n \"You can fit large amounts of data up to maxDataLength. This goes up to 1650 bytes. For legacy advertising this would not work\".getBytes()).build();\n\n AdvertisingSetCallback callback = new AdvertisingSetCallback() {\n @Override\n public void onAdvertisingSetStarted(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int txPower, int status) {\n Log.i(LOG_TAG, \"onAdvertisingSetStarted(): txPower:\" + txPower + \" , status: \"\n + status);\n currentAdvertisingSet = advertisingSet;\n }\n\n @Override\n public void onAdvertisingSetStopped(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet) {\n Log.i(LOG_TAG, \"onAdvertisingSetStopped():\");\n }\n };\n\n advertiser.startAdvertisingSet(parameters.build(), data, null, null, null, callback);\n\n // After the set starts, you can modify the data and parameters of currentAdvertisingSet.\n currentAdvertisingSet.setAdvertisingData((new\n AdvertiseData.Builder()).addServiceData(new ParcelUuid(UUID.randomUUID()),\n \"Without disabling the advertiser first, you can set the data, if new data is less than 251 bytes long.\".getBytes()).build());\n\n // Wait for onAdvertisingDataSet callback...\n\n // Can also stop and restart the advertising\n currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(false, 0, 0);\n // Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...\n currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(true, 0, 0);\n // Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...\n\n // Or modify the parameters - for example, lower the tx power\n currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(false, 0, 0);\n // Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...\n currentAdvertisingSet.setAdvertisingParameters(parameters.setTxPowerLevel\n (AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_LOW).build());\n // Wait for onAdvertisingParametersUpdated callback...\n currentAdvertisingSet.enableAdvertising(true, 0, 0);\n // Wait for onAdvertisingEnabled callback...\n\n // When done with the advertising:\n advertiser.stopAdvertisingSet(callback);\n }\n\n### Verification\n\nRun applicable [Bluetooth product tests](https://www.bluetooth.com/develop-with-bluetooth/build/test-tools/) to verify device\ncompatibility with Bluetooth 5."]]