A partir de 27 de março de 2025, recomendamos usar android-latest-release
em vez de aosp-main
para criar e contribuir com o AOSP. Para mais informações, consulte Mudanças no AOSP.
Desenvolver kernels do Android
Mantenha tudo organizado com as coleções
Salve e categorize o conteúdo com base nas suas preferências.
Esta página descreve como desenvolver kernels Android em dispositivos Cuttlefish.
Manifestos do kernel com suporte
O Cuttlefish oferece suporte aos seguintes manifestos do kernel na
versão mais recente do Android e nas versões do AOSP GSI.
- Em
android-latest-release
- Em
android-15.0.0_r36
common-android16-6.12
common-android15-6.6
common-android14-6.1
common-android14-5.15
- Em
aosp-android13-gsi
common-android13-5.15
common-android13-5.10
- Em
aosp-android12-gsi
common-android12-5.10
common-android12-5.4
common-android-4.19-stable
- Em
aosp-android11-gsi
common-android11-5.4
common-android-4.19-stable
common-android-4.14-stable
Confira a seguir as origens para desenvolvimento de kernel em dispositivos Cuttlefish.
Desenvolver kernels do Android
Para desenvolver kernels em dispositivos Cuttlefish, siga estas etapas:
Clone o manifesto do repositório do kernel apropriado para o seu dispositivo Cuttlefish e
faça as mudanças necessárias.
mkdir common-android-mainline
cd common-android-mainline
repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/manifest -b common-android-mainline
repo sync -c -j$(nproc) -q
Crie o kernel e o ramdisk. Para mais informações, consulte
Como criar os módulos de fornecedores para o dispositivo virtual.
tools/bazel run //common-modules/virtual-device:virtual_device_x86_64_dist
Se estiver usando manifestos de kernel common-android-4.19-stable
, common-android-4.14-stable
ou
common-android11-5.4
, execute:
BUILD_CONFIG=common/build.config.gki.x86_64 build/build.sh && BUILD_CONFIG=common-modules/virtual-device/build.config.cuttlefish.x86_64 build/build.sh
Em vez de criar localmente, para evitar o download da origem
configurando um ambiente de desenvolvimento do kernel, você pode baixar os
artefatos relevantes em ci.android.com.
Inicie o kernel e o ramdisk com o Cuttlefish.
cvd create \
-kernel_path=./out/virtual_device_x86_64/dist/bzImage \
-initramfs_path=./out/virtual_device_x86_64/dist/initramfs.img
Se você estiver iniciando um kernel não GKI (na versão
4.19 ou anterior), omita o argumento -initramfs_path
.
Se estiver iniciando o kernel em uma versão aarch64 do Cuttlefish, use a
configuração do build aarch64
e o artefato Image
em vez de
bzImage
.
cvd create \
-kernel_path=./out/virtual_device_aarch64/dist/Image \
-initramfs_path=./out/virtual_device_aarch64/dist/initramfs.img
O conteúdo e os exemplos de código nesta página estão sujeitos às licenças descritas na Licença de conteúdo. Java e OpenJDK são marcas registradas da Oracle e/ou suas afiliadas.
Última atualização 2025-07-27 UTC.
[[["Fácil de entender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Meu problema foi resolvido","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Outro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Não contém as informações de que eu preciso","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Muito complicado / etapas demais","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Desatualizado","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problema na tradução","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problema com as amostras / o código","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Outro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última atualização 2025-07-27 UTC."],[],[],null,["# Develop Android kernels\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nThis page describes how to develop Android kernels on Cuttlefish devices.\n\nSupported kernel manifests\n--------------------------\n\nCuttlefish supports the following kernel manifests on\nthe Android latest release branch and AOSP GSI releases.\n\n- On `android-latest-release`\n - `common-android-mainline`\n- On `android-15.0.0_r36`\n - `common-android16-6.12`\n - `common-android15-6.6`\n - `common-android14-6.1`\n - `common-android14-5.15`\n- On `aosp-android13-gsi`\n - `common-android13-5.15`\n - `common-android13-5.10`\n- On `aosp-android12-gsi`\n - `common-android12-5.10`\n - `common-android12-5.4`\n - `common-android-4.19-stable`\n- On `aosp-android11-gsi`\n - `common-android11-5.4`\n - `common-android-4.19-stable`\n - `common-android-4.14-stable`\n\nThe following are kernel sources for kernel development on Cuttlefish devices.\n\n- [`kernel/common-android-mainline`](https://cs.android.com/android/kernel/superproject/+/common-android-mainline:)\n- [`kernel/common-android16-6.12`](https://cs.android.com/android/kernel/superproject/+/common-android16-6.12:)\n- [`kernel/common-android15-6.6`](https://cs.android.com/android/kernel/superproject/+/common-android15-6.6:)\n- [`kernel/common-android14-6.1`](https://cs.android.com/android/kernel/superproject/+/common-android14-6.1:)\n- [`kernel/common-android14-5.15`](https://cs.android.com/android/kernel/superproject/+/common-android14-5.15:)\n- [`kernel/common-android13-5.15`](https://cs.android.com/android/kernel/superproject/+/common-android13-5.15:)\n- [`kernel/common-android13-5.10`](https://cs.android.com/android/kernel/superproject/+/common-android13-5.10:)\n\nDevelop Android kernels\n-----------------------\n\nTo develop kernels on Cuttlefish devices, follow these steps:\n\n1. Clone the appropriate kernel repo manifest for your Cuttlefish device and\n make any changes.\n\n mkdir common-android-mainline\n cd common-android-mainline\n repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/manifest -b common-android-mainline\n repo sync -c -j$(nproc) -q\n\n2. Build the kernel and ramdisk. For more information, see\n [Building the Vendor Modules for the Virtual Device](/docs/setup/build/building-kernels#building-gki-modules).\n\n tools/bazel run //common-modules/virtual-device:virtual_device_x86_64_dist\n\n If using `common-android-4.19-stable`, `common-android-4.14-stable`, or\n `common-android11-5.4` kernel manifests, run: \n\n BUILD_CONFIG=common/build.config.gki.x86_64 build/build.sh && BUILD_CONFIG=common-modules/virtual-device/build.config.cuttlefish.x86_64 build/build.sh\n\n Instead of building locally (to avoid downloading the kernel source,\n setting up a kernel development environment), you can download the relevant\n artifacts at ci.android.com.\n - [`android-mainline`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android-mainline/grid?)\n - [`android16-6.12`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android16-6.12/grid?)\n - [`android15-6.6`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android15-6.6/grid?)\n - [`android14-6.1`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android14-6.1/grid?)\n - [`android14-5.15`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android14-5.15/grid?)\n - [`android13-5.15`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android13-5.15/grid?)\n - [`android13-5.10`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android13-5.10/grid?)\n - [`android12-5.10`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android12-5.10/grid?)\n - [`android12-5.4`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android12-5.4/grid?)\n - [`android11-5.4`](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp_kernel-common-android11-5.4/grid?)\n3. Launch the kernel and ramdisk with Cuttlefish.\n\n cvd create \\\n -kernel_path=./out/virtual_device_x86_64/dist/bzImage \\\n -initramfs_path=./out/virtual_device_x86_64/dist/initramfs.img\n\n If launching a non-GKI kernel (anything at or under\n 4.19), omit the `-initramfs_path` argument.\n\n If you're launching the kernel on an aarch64 version of Cuttlefish, use the\n `aarch64` build configuration and use the `Image` artifact instead of\n `bzImage`. \n\n cvd create \\\n -kernel_path=./out/virtual_device_aarch64/dist/Image \\\n -initramfs_path=./out/virtual_device_aarch64/dist/initramfs.img"]]