自 2025 年 3 月 27 日起,我们建议您使用 android-latest-release
而非 aosp-main
构建 AOSP 并为其做出贡献。如需了解详情,请参阅 AOSP 的变更。
Android Automotive 12L 版本详情
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
本文总结了 Android Automotive OS 12L 中提供的新功能。
对系统界面和核心应用的优化
- 快捷控件功能。允许 OEM 将选定的设置(例如蓝牙切换开关)添加到 SysUI(例如状态栏)中,以便用户在驾车时安全地更改关键设置,而无需打开“设置”应用。
- 旋控支持。
改进和 bug 修复。
- 界面自定义。为自定义类启用了插件架构。如需了解详情,请参阅车载设备界面插件。
- 通知界面外观焕然一新。改善了用户体验并改进了分组通知。
蓝牙
- 改进了蓝牙重新连接的性能。在适当的情况下,更频繁地自动连接到设备。如需了解详情,请参阅蓝牙连接管理。
- 消息传递数据库。支持通过消息访问配置文件 (MAP) 使用消息传递数据库,使依赖蓝牙功能的即时通讯应用更具灵活性。
连接
- 按应用选择网络 (PANS)。
允许创建和强制执行用于确定哪些应用可以使用
OEM_PAID networks
的动态网络政策。
- 双 STA。使 IVI 能够在已经连接到一个主要 Wi-Fi 网络的情况下,同时连接到受限 OEM Wi-Fi 网络。
音频
- “降低其他应用音量”信号。为 HAL 提供音频焦点状态以及与要降低音量的输出设备相关的信息。
- 音量方面的改进。允许更精细地控制音量,包括提供用于获取活跃音量组的 API。
- 按音量组设置静音。允许按音量组设置静音,并增强了 HAL 与界面之间有关静音状态的通信。
- 针对 AudioControl HAL 进行了 AIDL 迁移。将 AudioControl HAL 从 HIDL 迁移到 AIDL,以充分使用 AIDL 功能。
- 针对音频的电源政策处理。为车载音频服务启用了电源处理功能,包括停用和启用焦点请求,以及在针对音频的电源政策发生更改时,对音量组静音和取消静音。
相机
- CarEvsManager。使 OEM 能够实现用于显示汽车相机服务预览的 Android activity。
系统的可靠性和稳定性
- 汽车监控定时器闪存管理。通过限制写入存储空间的数据量来管理系统闪存。使 OEM 能够定义写入阈值(OEM 可针对媒体和地图软件包进行定义),并收集 OEM 应用的统计信息。停用和终止超出指定阈值的非关键应用和服务。
安全性
- 车辆绑定加密。现在,Android 存储加密可以配置为将某些密钥加密参数存储在外部 ECU 上。这样可以防止通过拆除汽车车机来获取数据(例如,因盗窃或送到废车场)。
- 安全的开发者选项。Android 开发者选项和 adb 可由 OEM 远程独占启用。参考实现提供了加密令牌访问机制和远程 Web 服务。
位置信息
- 高级驾驶辅助系统 (ADAS) 位置信息开关。现在,您可以通过“设置”应用中单独的位置信息开关,控制用于 ADAS 的应用的设备位置信息访问权限。
Telemetry
- 基于边缘的分析功能。支持在 Android Automotive 设备上进行更多基于边缘的指标处理。Android 信息娱乐和车辆属性指标可以在使用 Lua 语言编写的脚本中进行配置并在设备端处理,以便发送到 OEM 选择的后端。
合规性
- 合规性修复。许多补丁可确保符合 Android 认证测试套件的要求。Android 12L AAOS 版本完全符合我们内部参考平台上 CTS、CTS 验证程序和 STS 测试套件的要求,无需在 AOSP 软件中进行额外的修复。
本页面上的内容和代码示例受内容许可部分所述许可的限制。Java 和 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。
[[["易于理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["解决了我的问题","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["没有我需要的信息","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["太复杂/步骤太多","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["内容需要更新","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["翻译问题","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["示例/代码问题","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。"],[],[],null,["# Android Automotive 12L release details\n\nThis page summarizes new features provided in Android Automotive OS 12L.\n\nSystem UI and core apps improvements\n------------------------------------\n\n- **Quick Controls feature.** Enables OEMs to add selected settings (for example, Bluetooth toggles) to SysUI (for example, the Status bar) to enable users to change key settings safely while driving, without opening the Settings app.\n- **[Rotary support](/docs/automotive/hmi/rotary_controller).** Improvements and bug fixes.\n- **UI Customization.** Enabled plugin architecture for custom classes. See [Car UI plugins](/docs/automotive/hmi/car_ui/plugins) for details.\n- **Notification visual overhaul.** UX overhaul and grouped notifications improvements.\n\nBluetooth\n---------\n\n- **Improved Bluetooth reconnection performance.** Automatically connect to devices more often and under the right circumstances. To learn more, see [Bluetooth connection management](/docs/automotive/ivi_connectivity#bluetooth-connection-management).\n- **Messaging database.** Support for using a messaging database through the [Message Access Profile (MAP)](/docs/automotive/ivi_connectivity#message-access-profile) to provide more flexibility to messaging apps that rely on Bluetooth.\n\nConnectivity\n------------\n\n- **[Per-Application Network Selection (PANS)](/docs/automotive/connectivity).** Enable the creation and enforcement of a dynamic network policy that determines which apps can use `OEM_PAID networks`.\n- **Dual STA.** Enable the IVI to connect to an OEM restricted Wi-Fi network, concurrently with a primary connection to a Wi-Fi network.\n\nAudio\n-----\n\n- **Audio ducking signal.** Provides HAL with audio focus state and information on what output devices to duck.\n- **Volume improvements.** Enable for finer control of volume, including providing and API to get active volume groups.\n- **Muting per volume group.** Enable per volume group muting and enhance HAL and UI communication about the mute states.\n- **AIDL migration for the AudioControl HAL.** Migrated the AudioControl HAL from [HIDL to AIDL](/docs/core/architecture/aidl/aidl-hals#converting-to-aidl) to fully use AIDL functionality.\n- **Power policy handling for Audio.** Enabled power handling functionality for the car audio service, including disable and enable focus requests, and mute and unmute volume groups on power policy changes for audio.\n\nCamera\n------\n\n- **CarEvsManager.** Enables OEMs to implement Android Activity that shows the preview from automotive camera services.\n\nSystem reliability and stability\n--------------------------------\n\n- **Car watchdog flash memory management.** Manages system flash memory by limiting the amount of data written to storage. Enables OEMs to define the write thresholds (for OEM, media, and maps packages) and collect statistics for OEM apps. Disables and terminates non-critical apps and services that exceed defined thresholds.\n\nSecurity\n--------\n\n- **[Vehicle bound encryption](/docs/automotive/security/vehicle-bound).** Android storage encryption can now be configured to store some key encryption parameters on an external ECU. This prevents the harvesting of data by removing the head unit from the car (for example, due to theft or relegated to a junkyard).\n- **Secure developer options.** Android developer options and ADB can be remotely enabled exclusively by an OEM. Reference implementation provides crypto token access mechanisms and remote web service.\n\nLocation\n--------\n\n- **Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) location switch.** Access to device location for apps used for ADAS can now be controlled with a separate location switch in the Settings app.\n\nTelemetry\n---------\n\n- **Edge-based analytics capability.** Enables the ability to perform more edge-based metrics processing on Android Automotive devices. Android infotainment and vehicle property metrics can be configured in scripts written in the Lua language and processed on-device to be sent to the backend of OEM choosing.\n\nCompliance\n----------\n\n- **Compliance fixes.** A number of patches ensure compliance with the Android certification test suites. The Android 12L AAOS Release is 100% compliant on CTS, CTS-Verifier, and STS test suites on our internal reference platform with no additional fixes needed in the AOSP software."]]