Use the features described in this section to make the Android devices you develop as secure as possible.
Application sandbox
The Android platform takes advantage of the Linux user-based protection to identify and isolate app resources. To do this, Android assigns a unique user ID (UID) to each Android application and runs it in its own process. Android uses this UID to set up a kernel-level Application Sandbox.
Application signing
Application signing allows developers to identify the author of the application and to update their application without creating complicated interfaces and permissions. Every application that is run on the Android platform must be signed by the developer.
Authentication
Android uses the concept of user-authentication-gated cryptographic keys that requires cryptographic key storage and service provider and user authenticators.
On devices with a fingerprint sensor, users can enroll one or more fingerprints and use those fingerprints to unlock the device and perform other tasks. And the Gatekeeper subsystem performs device pattern/password authentication in a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE).
Biometrics
Android 9 and higher includes a BiometricPrompt API that app developers can use
to integrate biometric authentication into their applications in a device- and
modality-agnostic fashion. Only strong biometrics can integrate with
BiometricPrompt.
Encryption
Once a device is encrypted, all user-created data is automatically encrypted before committing it to disk and all reads automatically decrypt data before returning it to the calling process. Encryption ensures that even if an unauthorized party tries to access the data, they won’t be able to read it.
Keystore
Android offers a hardware-backed Keystore that provides key generation, import and export of asymmetric keys, import of raw symmetric keys, asymmetric encryption and decryption with appropriate padding modes, and more.
Security-Enhanced Linux
As part of the Android security model, Android uses Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) to enforce mandatory access control (MAC) over all processes, even processes running with root/superuser privileges (Linux capabilities).
Trusty Trusted Execution Environment (TEE)
Trusty is a secure Operating System (OS) that provides a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) for Android. The Trusty OS runs on the same processor as the Android OS, but Trusty is isolated from the rest of the system by both hardware and software.
Verified Boot
Verified Boot strives to ensure all executed code comes from a trusted source (usually device OEMs), rather than from an attacker or corruption. It establishes a full chain of trust, starting from a hardware-protected root of trust to the bootloader, to the boot partition and other verified partitions.