電視輸入架構 (TIF) 管理員可與音訊轉送 API 搭配運作,以支援彈性音訊功能
路徑變更當晶片系統 (SoC) 實作電視硬體抽象層 (HAL) 時,
電視輸入裝置 (HDMI IN、 Tuner 等) 會提供 TvInputHardwareInfo
,指定音訊類型和位址的 AudioPort 資訊。
- 實體音訊輸入/輸出裝置有對應的 AudioPort。
- 軟體音訊輸出/輸入串流會以 AudioMixPort (其子項類別) 表示 AudioPort)。
TIF 隨後會將 AudioPort 資訊用於音訊路由 API。
需求條件
SoC 必須實作下列音訊路由 API 支援的音訊 HAL:
音訊連接埠 |
|
---|---|
預設輸入方式 | AudioRecord (使用 DEFAULT 輸入來源建立) 必須區隔出以下項目的虛擬空值輸入來源: 在 Android TV 上取得音訊:AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_DEFAULT。 |
裝置回送 | 需要支援 AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK 輸入,該輸入是所有音訊輸出的完整組合 所有電視輸出裝置 (11Khz、16 位元單聲道或 48Khz、16 位元單聲道)。僅適用於音訊擷取。 |
電視音訊裝置
Android 支援下列音訊裝置輸入/輸出音訊裝置。
system/media/audio/include/system/audio.h
注意:在 Android 5.1 以下版本中,
這個檔案是:system/core/include/system/audio.h
/* output devices */ AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_DIGITAL = 0x400, AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI = AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_DIGITAL, /* HDMI Audio Return Channel */ AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC = 0x40000, /* S/PDIF out */ AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF = 0x80000, /* input devices */ AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_AUX_DIGITAL = AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN | 0x20, AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI = AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_AUX_DIGITAL, /* TV tuner input */ AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TV_TUNER = AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN | 0x4000, /* S/PDIF in */ AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_SPDIF = AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN | 0x10000, AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK = AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN | 0x40000,
音訊 HAL 擴充功能
音訊轉送 API 的 Audio HAL 擴充功能定義如下:
system/media/audio/include/system/audio.h
注意:在 Android 5.1 以下版本中,
這個檔案是:system/core/include/system/audio.h
/* audio port configuration structure used to specify a particular configuration of an audio port */ struct audio_port_config { audio_port_handle_t id; /* port unique ID */ audio_port_role_t role; /* sink or source */ audio_port_type_t type; /* device, mix ... */ unsigned int config_mask; /* e.g. AUDIO_PORT_CONFIG_ALL */ unsigned int sample_rate; /* sampling rate in Hz */ audio_channel_mask_t channel_mask; /* channel mask if applicable */ audio_format_t format; /* format if applicable */ struct audio_gain_config gain; /* gain to apply if applicable */ union { struct audio_port_config_device_ext device; /* device specific info */ struct audio_port_config_mix_ext mix; /* mix specific info */ struct audio_port_config_session_ext session; /* session specific info */ } ext; }; struct audio_port { audio_port_handle_t id; /* port unique ID */ audio_port_role_t role; /* sink or source */ audio_port_type_t type; /* device, mix ... */ unsigned int num_sample_rates; /* number of sampling rates in following array */ unsigned int sample_rates[AUDIO_PORT_MAX_SAMPLING_RATES]; unsigned int num_channel_masks; /* number of channel masks in following array */ audio_channel_mask_t channel_masks[AUDIO_PORT_MAX_CHANNEL_MASKS]; unsigned int num_formats; /* number of formats in following array */ audio_format_t formats[AUDIO_PORT_MAX_FORMATS]; unsigned int num_gains; /* number of gains in following array */ struct audio_gain gains[AUDIO_PORT_MAX_GAINS]; struct audio_port_config active_config; /* current audio port configuration */ union { struct audio_port_device_ext device; struct audio_port_mix_ext mix; struct audio_port_session_ext session; } ext; };
hardware/libhardware/include/hardware/audio.h
struct audio_hw_device { : /** * Routing control */ /* Creates an audio patch between several source and sink ports. * The handle is allocated by the HAL and should be unique for this * audio HAL module. */ int (*create_audio_patch)(struct audio_hw_device *dev, unsigned int num_sources, const struct audio_port_config *sources, unsigned int num_sinks, const struct audio_port_config *sinks, audio_patch_handle_t *handle); /* Release an audio patch */ int (*release_audio_patch)(struct audio_hw_device *dev, audio_patch_handle_t handle); /* Fills the list of supported attributes for a given audio port. * As input, "port" contains the information (type, role, address etc...) * needed by the HAL to identify the port. * As output, "port" contains possible attributes (sampling rates, formats, * channel masks, gain controllers...) for this port. */ int (*get_audio_port)(struct audio_hw_device *dev, struct audio_port *port); /* Set audio port configuration */ int (*set_audio_port_config)(struct audio_hw_device *dev, const struct audio_port_config *config);
正在測試 DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK
如要測試 DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK 以進行電視監控,請使用下列測試程式碼。執行
測試,擷取的音訊會儲存至 /sdcard/record_loopback.raw
,方便您聆聽
並使用 FFmpeg
。
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> AudioRecord mRecorder; Handler mHandler = new Handler(); int mMinBufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(RECORD_SAMPLING_RATE, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO, AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT);; static final int RECORD_SAMPLING_RATE = 48000; public void doCapture() { mRecorder = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.DEFAULT, RECORD_SAMPLING_RATE, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO, AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT, mMinBufferSize * 10); AudioManager am = (AudioManager) getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE); ArrayList<AudioPort> audioPorts = new ArrayList<AudioPort>(); am.listAudioPorts(audioPorts); AudioPortConfig srcPortConfig = null; AudioPortConfig sinkPortConfig = null; for (AudioPort audioPort : audioPorts) { if (srcPortConfig == null && audioPort.role() == AudioPort.ROLE_SOURCE && audioPort instanceof AudioDevicePort) { AudioDevicePort audioDevicePort = (AudioDevicePort) audioPort; if (audioDevicePort.type() == AudioManager.DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK) { srcPortConfig = audioPort.buildConfig(48000, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_DEFAULT, AudioFormat.ENCODING_DEFAULT, null); Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Found loopback audio source port : " + audioPort); } } else if (sinkPortConfig == null && audioPort.role() == AudioPort.ROLE_SINK && audioPort instanceof AudioMixPort) { sinkPortConfig = audioPort.buildConfig(48000, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_DEFAULT, AudioFormat.ENCODING_DEFAULT, null); Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Found recorder audio mix port : " + audioPort); } } if (srcPortConfig != null && sinkPortConfig != null) { AudioPatch[] patches = new AudioPatch[] { null }; int status = am.createAudioPatch( patches, new AudioPortConfig[] { srcPortConfig }, new AudioPortConfig[] { sinkPortConfig }); Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Result of createAudioPatch(): " + status); } mRecorder.startRecording(); processAudioData(); mRecorder.stop(); mRecorder.release(); } private void processAudioData() { OutputStream rawFileStream = null; byte data[] = new byte[mMinBufferSize]; try { rawFileStream = new BufferedOutputStream( new FileOutputStream(new File("/sdcard/record_loopback.raw"))); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Can't open file.", e); } long startTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis(); while (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMs < 5000) { int nbytes = mRecorder.read(data, 0, mMinBufferSize); if (nbytes <= 0) { continue; } try { rawFileStream.write(data); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Error on writing raw file.", e); } } try { rawFileStream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Exit audio recording."); }
在 /sdcard/record_loopback.raw
中找出擷取的音訊檔案,並使用以下工具聆聽該檔案:
FFmpeg
:
adb pull /sdcard/record_loopback.raw
ffmpeg -f s16le -ar 48k -ac 1 -i record_loopback.raw record_loopback.wav
ffplay record_loopback.wav
用途
本節說明電視音訊的常見用途。
配備喇叭輸出的電視調諧器
電視調諧器啟用時,音訊轉送 API 會在調音器之間建立音訊修補程式 和預設輸出內容 (例如喇叭)。調音器輸出內容不需要解碼,但最終會以 音訊輸出與 Software output_stream 混合。
直播電視時的 HDMI 輸出端
使用者正在觀看電視直播,然後切換到 HDMI 音訊輸出裝置 (Intent.ACTION_HDMI_AUDIO_PLUG) ,直接在 Google Cloud 控制台實際操作。所有 output_streams 的輸出裝置都會變更為 HDMI_OUT 連接埠,TIF 管理員也會變更 現有調諧器音訊修補程式的接收器通訊埠插入 HDMI_OUT 連接埠。